Recent research efforts at Texas Tech University on impulse antenna phased array have shown that an ideal jitter of a small fraction of the rise-time is required to accurately synchronize the array to steer and preserve the rise-time of the radiated pulse. This has necessitated the need to develop a reliable high voltage, high repetition rate switch that will operate with very low jitter. This dissertation presents the impact gases and gas mixtures have on switch performance which includes recovery rate and in particular jitter. A 50 ?, 1 nF pulse forming line is charged to 50 kV and provides the low inductance voltage source to test the different gases. Gases tested include N2, dry air, H2, and SF6, as well as N2-H2, N2-SF6, N2-Ar, and gas mixtures containing Kr 85. This dissertation will discuss in detail 50 kV, 100 Hz triggered switch operations of such gases.
Explanations for the recent meltdown in global credit markets that destroyed tens of trillions of dollars of financial wealth are as plentiful as the sub prime mortgages that are often blamed for the crisis. A short list would include: complexity, size, deregulation, derivatives, bad financial models, black swans, ratings agencies, fraud, greed, CEO pay, originators, investment banks, commercial banks, and more. The problem is not that any of these is right or wrong; it is that they lack a systematic institutional framework to help parse out good explanations from bad. And without solid explanations, good policy responses are impossible.
We propose examining a related financial system, equity markets, that had what we describe as a “good equilibrium” one in which large and small investors were willing to invest long term because there was a secure mechanism for generating high quality information about the financial instruments offered for sale. We argue that this mechanism was driven by an unusual and little studied institutional structure, the nonprofit member organization.
Since the early 1970s international trade in services has been growing rapidly and is becoming an increasingly important ingredient of strategic national planning. Growing awareness and demand for global products and services, opening up of markets in newly industrializing countries along with a rapid increase of regional trade agreements such as European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) or the growing relevance of global negotiating forums such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) have all contributed to this increase of interest as well as activity of International Trade.
Virtually, every country now engages in service trade including those with the lowest per capita GNP. In fact, a number of developing countries, including India, Singapore, Egypt and Israel have a substantial dependence on trade in services. It is generally agreed that services account for the largest share of gross domestic product and most of employment growth in the majority of industrialized countries in recent years. For example, in the twenty years from 1965 to 1985, the share of services in GDP increased from 55% to 61% on an average for industrialized economies and from 42% to 46% for developing economies (Wieczorek, 1995).
