... trigger a substantial acceleration of economic growth and development, in order to try crushing poverty, especially in lower-income countries. Ambitions ...
Story - puput - 10/20/2010 - 07:53 - 0 comments - 0 attachments
The objective of the paper is to investigate the interaction between macroeconomic cycles and microeconomic shocks, focusing on the firm level. In particular we consider how the financial fragility of firms affects the business cycle, which may itself determine the financial situation of firms. Such a question is in particular relevant in two areas: first in terms of macroeconomic forecasting with a view to incorporating information at the microeconomic level; second, for the implementation of stress tests where one considers the response of the financial sector to large macroeconomic shocks.
As usually acknowledged, the drawback of the latter approach is that these tests are usually carried out in a static way, omitting the socalled second round effects of the shocks to the real economy : a given initial macroeconomic shock impacts on the financial situation of firms, which then affects macroeconomic variables. The contribution of the paper is therefore to study the transmission of shocks, and in particular those measuring financial fragility, as defined by the likelihood of corporate defaults.
In order to clarify the effect of ileal bypass on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism,partial (20 cm) ileal bypass rats were fed a 2% cholesterol supplemented diet for a week after 4 weeks of the operation. The serum and liver cholesterol and phospholipid levels, biliary cholesterol, phospholipid and bile acid secretions, and fecal cholesterol, coprostanol and bile acid excretions were examined.
The serum cholesterol level in ileal bypass rats was lower than in normal rats and no hypercholesterolemia was brought about in ileal bypass rats by feeding them the cholesterol diet. The liver cholesterol level increased by feeding the cholesterol diet even in ileal bypass rats but the increase was far less than that in normal rats (22% versus 57%). Biliary bile acid secretion decreased and fecal bile acid excretion increased markedly in ileal bypass rats.
The purpose of this study is to provide background economic data that will give the community and City staff a context for making decisions about changes to the General Plan regarding land use, housing and transportation. This study describes baseline economic conditions in Redwood City and in the North Fair Oaks area of unincorporated San Mateo County.
