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Literacy is essential to human progress. Many researchers have stated that the single most important key to development and poverty alleviation is education (Soubbotin & Sheram, 2000). Adult education, literacy, and lifelong learning must be combined with the fundamental recognition that education of women and men is central to development. As children need parents or caretakers to learn to speak and walk, human beings need education for leading a successful life.

Education is the lifeline of any developed country. No one can afford to miss out on the importance of education. Education is important not only for ensuring that people achieve great careers, but also for inculcating accepted values and principles in their life (Al-Qaradawi, 1992). For example, learning respect for elders and love for young ones, learning about country, people, and life, and learning about the mysterious world of science and math are all possible only if education is a reality in a person’s life. Social and civilized behaviors with other human beings are what differentiate human beings from animals. And it is only education that lays the ground for human beings to behave in a civilized manner with fellow human beings. Education will pave the way for a better future for mankind. Education serves another important role, which is to transmit and transform the cultural values and legacy of a particular society and worldview (Hashim, 1999).

Religion, culture, and civilization all honor education. And like other faiths, Islam, from its inception, honors education and strongly promotes male and female Muslims to study and learn. There are many verses from the Qur’an 1 and Hadith 2 that stress the importance of education. Allah (God) says in the Qur’an: “O my Lord! Increase me in knowledge” (Qur’an 20:144). Al-Hasan al-Basri reported: Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) 3 said, “He whom death overtakes while he is engaged in acquiring knowledge with a view to reviving Islam with the help of it, there will be one degree between him and the Prophets in Paradise” (Alim, 2000, At-Trimidhi 4 , No. 88). Education in Islam is the means of nurturing human beings, and Tarbiyya (moral training) is an inalienable part of it.

Contents
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Chapter One: Introduction

The importance of education
The importance of parental values and religious beliefs
Public schools verses Private religious schools
Challenges facing religious private schools
Challenges facing Islamic schools
The importance of educational leadership in public and private schools
Leadership in Islamic institutions in the United States
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Definitions
Research Questions
Research Design and Methodology
The Population
Data Collection
Data Analysis

Summary

Chapter Two: Review of Literature

Islamic beliefs and practices
The educational philosophy in Islam
Educational institutions in Islam
The role of Islamic schools in Islam
Muslims in America
Islamic schools in United States
The importance of school leadership
The need for leadership development growth
Leadership in Islamic and Western Literature
Leadership approaches in Islamic and Western literature
Power-influence approach
Servant-leader approach
Transactional & Transformational approach
Trait approach
Situational leadership approach

Principles of Islamic Leadership
Summary

Chapter Three: Methodology and Procedures

Research Design
Population

Data Collection

Research Method
Data Instruments

Data Analysis
Summary

Chapter Four: The Findings

Participants’ Demographics
Principals’ Leadership Approaches
Servant-leader approach
Transformational leadership approach
Situational leadership approach
Trait leadership approach
Power-influence leadership approach
Transactional leadership approach

Principals’ Leadership Roles

Visionary roles
Managerial roles
Personal leadership roles
Relation builder roles
Social architect roles

Principals’ Leadership Styles

Facilitating leadership styles
Personal leadership styles
Team leadership styles
Interpersonal leadership styles
Leading change styles
Management leadership styles

Sources of Influence

Islam’s influence

Principals’ Leadership Principles

Principals’ general leadership principles
Principals’ Islamic leadership principles

Principals’ Constraints

Personal constraints
Organizational constraints
Ways to be an effective leader

Summary

Chapter Five: Discussion

Servant-Leadership Approach
Transformational Leadership Approach
Situational Leadership Approach
Trait Leadership Approach
Power-Influence Approach
Transactional leadership approach
Leadership roles
Leadership styles
Sources of influence
Principals’ leadership principles
Leadership principles and the Islamic leadership principles
Personal and organizational constraints
Ways to be effective leader
Applications to the principals in the Islamic schools in Michigan
Recommendations
Further research
Summary

Reference List
Appendices

Appendix A (An Interview Guide)
Appendix B (Consent to Be a Research Subject)
Appendix C (Participants’ Attributes)
Appendix D (Frequency Tables)
Appendix E (Islamic leadership principles, the principals’ general and Islamic leadership principles)
Appendix F (Principals’ Leadership Traits, Roles, Styles, Principles, & Constrains
Appendix G (Glossary of terms)

List of Tables

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