PDF Ebook Handbook For Analytical Quality Control In Water And Wastewater Laboratories
One of the fundamental responsibilities of water and wastewater management is the establishment of continuing programs to insure the reliability and validity of analytical laboratory and field data gathered in water treatment and wastewater pollution control activities.
This handbook is addressed to laboratory directors, leaders of field investigations, and other personnel who bear responsibility for water and wastewater data. Subject matter of the handbook is concerned primarily with quality control (QC) for chemical and biological tests and measurements. Chapters are also included on QC aspects of sampling, microbiology, biology, radiochemistry, and safety as they relate to water and wastewater pollution control. Sufficient information is offered to allow the reader to inaugurate or reinforce programs of analytical QC that emphasize early recognition, prevention, and correction of factors leading to breakdowns in the validity of water and wastewater pollution control data.
CONTENTS
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter
1 IMPORTANCE OF QUALITY CONTROL
- 1.1 General
1.2 Quality Assurance Programs
1.3 Analytical Methods
1.4 Reference
2 LABORATORY SERVICES
- 2.1 General
2.2 Distilled Water
2.3 Compressed Air
2.4 Vacuum
2.5 Hood System
2.6 Electrical Services
2.7 References
3 INSTRUMENT SELECTION
- 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Analytical Balances
3.3 pH/Selective-lon Meters
3.4 Conductivity Meters
3.5 Turbidimeters (Nephelometers)
3.6 Spectrometers
3.7 Organic Carbon Analyzers
3.8 Gas Chromatographs
3.9 References
4 GLASSWARE
- 4.1 General
4.2 Types of Glassware
4.3 Volumetric Analyses
4.4 Federal Specifications for Volumetric Glassware
4.5 Cleaning of Glass and Porcelain
4.6 Special Cleaning Requirements
4.7 Disposable Glassware
4.8 Specialized Glassware
4.9 Fritted Ware
4.10 References
5 REAGENTS, SOLVENTS, AND GASES
- 5.1 Introduction
5.2 Reagent Quality
5.3 Elimination of Determinate Errors
5.4 References
6 QUALITY CONTROL FOR ANALYTICAL PERFORMANCE
- 6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Industrial Approach to QC
6.3 Applying Control Charts in Environmental Laboratories
6.4 Recommended Laboratory Quality Assurance Program
6.5 Outline of a Comprehensive Quality Assurance Program
6.6 Related Topics
6.7 References
7 DATA HANDLING AND REPORTING
- 7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Analytical Value
7.3 Glossary of Statistical Terms
7.4 Report Forms
7.5 References
8 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR TRACE ORGANIC ANALYSIS
- 8.1 Introduction
8.2 Sampling and Sample Handling
8.3 Extract Handling
8.4 Supplies and Reagents
8.5 Quality Assurance
8.6 References
9 SKILLS AND TRAINING
- 9.1 General
9.2 Skills
9.3 Training
10 WATER AND WASTEWATER SAMPLING
- 10.1 Introduction
10.2 Areas of Sampling
10.3 References
11 RADIOCHEMISTRY
- 11.1 Introduction
11.2 Sample Collection
11.3 Laboratory Practices
11.4 Quality Control
11.5 References
12 MICROBIOLOGY
- 12.1 Background
12.2 Specific Needs in Microbiology
12.3 Intralaboratory Quality Control
12.4 Interlaboratory Quality Control
12.5 Development of a Formal Quality Assurance Program
12.6 Documentation of a Quality Assurance Program
12.7 Chain-of-Custody Procedures for Microbiological Samples
12.8 References
13 AQUATIC BIOLOGY
- 13.1 Summary of General Guidelines
13.2 Discussion
13.3 Reference
14 LABORATORY SAFETY
- 14.1 Law and Authority for Safety and Health
14.2 EPA Policy on Laboratory Safety
14.3 Laboratory Safety Practices
14.4 Report of Unsafe or Unhealthful Condition
14.5 References
Appendix A-Suggested Checklist for the Safety Evaluation of EPA Laboratory Areas A-1
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PDF Ebook Handbook For Analytical Quality Control In Water And Wastewater Laboratories
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