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Ebook A Low Carbohydrate Diet: Treating Obesity Related Disorders In Adults

Submitted by wulan on Sat, 08/15/2009 - 05:06

Since the 1960’s the rate of overweight and obesity in children and adults has been growing at alarming rates within most industrialized countries. Obesity (body mass index [BMI] > 30) in United States adults increased from 22.9% to 30.5% from 1988 to 2000 (Flegal, Carroll, Ogden, & Johnson, 2002).

The positive relationship between obesity and negative psychosocial issues, discrimination, chronic diseases, and morbidity are well documented (Pi-Sunyer, 1999). Many health professionals believe the increase in the rate of obesity is not related to genetics, but instead to a reduction in daily caloric expenditure associated with twentieth century industrial and domestic technology and an increased availability of calorically dense convenience foods (Ebbeling, Pawlak, & Ludwig, 2002).

The available treatments for weight loss, virtually limitless and expanding daily, include fad diets, pharmacology, surgery, nutritional supplementation, exercise, behavior modification, acupuncture, and hypnosis. However, the success of weight loss treatments is marginal. Researchers reported that dieters on average achieve a 12% weight loss, but maintain only 4% of their losses after four years (Jeffery et al., 2000).

The foundation for traditional weight loss diets has typically consisted of three components: reduced calories, reduced fat, and carbohydrate density. Healthcare professionals have generally discounted the safety and efficacy of diet regimes that vary from this model, particularly the low carbohydrate, high fat diets. Despite these objections, research demonstrates that a low carbohydrate diets may be a realistic alternative for patients trying to lose weight, maintain diabetic control, and reduce risk factors associated with heart disease (Garg et al., 1994). Advocates of low carbohydrate diets insist that the high fat content helps maintain satiety, while the ketotic effects of low-carbohydrate diets help control appetite (Diet Information, 2003a).

CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
LIST OF TABLES
I. INTRODUCTION

    Phenomena of Interest
    Statement of Need
    Purpose of the Study
    Hypothesis Statements
    Key Terms
    Assumptions
    Limitations

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

    The Incidence of Obesity
    The Impact of Obesity on Health A Quality of Life
    Potential Causes of Obesity
    The Economic Cost of Obesity
    The Weight Loss Industry
    Weight-Loss Success Rates
    Impact of Low Carbohydrate Diets

III. METHODOLOGY

    Subject Solicitation
    Design
    Diet Groups
    Instruments
    Measurement Devices
    Statistical Analysis

IV. RESULTS

    Demographics of the Sample
    Retention
    The Effect of Diet on Laboratory Data
    The Effect of Diet on Anthropometric Measures
    The Effect of Demographic Measures on
    Anthropometric Measures
    Diet, Satiety, and Compliance
    Demographic Measures, Satiety, and Compliance
    Program Evaluation
    Summary

V. SUMMARY, DISCUSSION, AND IMPLICATIONS

    Demographic Measures of the Study of the Sample
    Study Population Retention
    The Effect of Diet on Laboratory Data
    The Effect of Diet on Anthropometric Measures
    The Effect of Demographic Measures on
    Anthropometric Measures
    Diet, Satiety, and Compliance
    Demographic Measures, Satiety, and Compliance
    Program Evaluation
    Implications for Future Research
    Project Summary

REFERENCES
APPENDICES

    A. PREVALENCE OF OBESITY
    B. PARTICIPANT SOLICITATION MATERIALS
    C. CONSENT FORM/HIPPA FORM
    D. INITIAL SURVEY
    E. POWER POINT EDUCATION PRESENTATIONS
    F. FOLLOW-UP SURVEY
    G. FINAL SURVEY
    H. MEASUREMENT DEVICES
    I. DEMOGRAPHICS ON CHANGES IN ANTHROPOMETRICS
    J. PROGRAM EVALUATION

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