Ebook Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juveniles: A Community Care Model
Growing concerns about crowding in secure juvenile correctional facilities, high rates of recidivism, and escalating costs of confinement have fueled renewed interest in bringing change and innovative programming to juvenile aftercare/ parole philosophy and practice. Unfortunately, the juvenile corrections field has compiled a dismal record in its effort to reduce the repeat offender rate of juveniles released from secure confinement. Research indicates that failure occurs disproportionately with a subgroup of released juvenile offenders who have established a long record of misconduct that began at an early age.
Such high-risk youth not only exhibit a persistent pattern of justice system contact (for example, arrests, adjudications, placements), but they also are plagued by a number of other need-related risk factors. Frequently these risk factors involve a combination of problems associated with family, negative peer influence, school difficulties, and substance abuse. In addition to these common need-related risk factors, high-risk youth often exhibit a variety of important ancillary needs and problems. Although these factors are not generally predictive of repeat offenders, they must be addressed because these conditions are still present in some, and at times, many high-risk youngsters. For example, although there is widespread consensus that learning disabilities and emotional disturbance are not causally linked to delinquency, these conditions should not be ignored when present.
Responding to these concerns, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) in the U.S. Department of Justice issued a request for proposals, Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Programs, in July 1987. The purpose of this research and development initiative was to assess, test, and disseminate information on intensive juvenile aftercare program models for serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders who initially require secure confinement.
Effective aftercare programs focused on serious offenders which provide intensive supervision to ensure public safety, and services designed to facilitate the reintegration process may allow some offenders to be released earlier, as well as reduce recidivism among offenders released from residential facilities. This should relieve institutional overcrowding, reduce the cost of supervising juvenile offenders, and ultimately decrease the number of juveniles who develop lengthy delinquent careers and often become the core of the adult criminal population (Federal Register, 1987:26238–26239).
Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Project design
Assessing critical issues in intensive aftercare
The juvenile intensive supervision movement
Target populations
Assessment of risk and need
Identification of promising programs
Mail survey and telephone interviews
Site-visit factfinding
Intensive aftercare program model
Theory, principles, and goals
Organizational factors and the external environment
Overarching case management
Assessment, classification, and selection criteria
Individual case planning incorporating
a family and community perspective
A mix of intensive surveillance and services
A balance of incentives and graduated consequences coupled
with realistic, enforceable parole conditions
Service brokerage with community resources
and linkage with social networks
Management information and program evaluation
Next steps
References
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