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Effects of Metal Amino Acid Chelates on Milk Production, Reproduction, and Body Condition in Holstein First Calf Heifers

Modern dairy production encourages breeding Holstein replacement heifers at about 407 days of age or 352 kg of weight.1 Though sexually mature, these animals are not full-grown. During first pregnancy, average
daily weight gain is about 0.87 kg/day, due in part to the growing fetus; the rest of the weight gain is dedicated to the heifer’s own growth.

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Effects of Metal Amino Acid Chelates on Milk Production, Reproduction, and Body Condition in Holstein First Calf Heifers