Free Ebooks: The Textbook of Digital Photography

Submitted by acrobat on Tue, 09/30/2008 - 02:21

Not long ago the course title "Digital Photography" implied a course on Photoshop. As digital cameras have become increasingly popular, the introductory course has also gone digital so you are now introduced to photography using a digital camera. As this new era of digital photography matures, it won’t be long before the "digital" in "digital photography" becomes redundant. It will be assumed, because that is the way almost all photography will be done. One of the primary reasons for this rapid movement from film to digital imaging is that photography is embedded in a world that has gone digital. To take full advantage of the digital world in which we live, photographs also need to be digital. For awhile, capturing images on film and then scanning them into a digital format was a solution. However, this process is expensive and time consuming. Digital cameras remove those impediments and capture images that are already in a universally recognizable digital format that makes them easy to display and share. You can insert digital photographs into word processing documents or PowerPoint presentations, print them on almost any material, send them by e-mail, integrate them into slide shows to be played on the TV, post them on a Web site where anyone in the world can see them—even have them laser-etched into glass or granite. A digital camera, a computer, and a high-speed Internet connection make each of us a member of an ever-expanding network or community of photographers and viewers.

Just as digital images make it easy to integrate photos into many of the other things we do, digital technology makes it easy to add cameras to other devices. One of the current trends is to embed cameras into cell phones and other mobile devices. With just a push of a few buttons, you can snap a picture and immediately e-mail it or post it on a Web site. It won’t be long before there are digital cameras everywhere, all the time. What impact this will have on our photography remains to be seen, but if history is any indicator, people will soon be discovering practical, creative, and even artistic ways to use these new tools.

Changes in technology always open new opportunities and present approaches that change the way images look and are used. For example, the introduction of the 35mm Leica in the 1930s was a revolutionary change that made it easier to capture fast-moving action. Images became more spontaneous and fluid, a far cry from the more formally posed images required by much larger and more awkward cameras. Smaller cameras allowed photographers to discretely capture life on the street and people in motion, without modifying the flow of action by his or her simple presence. Reality could be captured unchanged and unposed. With cameras built into almost all cell phones in the near future, an even larger impact is possible.

Although it’s both the immediacy and flexibility of digital photography that has made it so popular, there is one aspect that is rarely mentioned. This is the new freedom it gives you to explore creative photography. In the 1870s when William Henry Jackson carried 20 x 24 glass plate negatives around the West on a mule, you can bet he hesitated before he took a photograph. He had to set up a darkroom, coat a glass plate, expose the image, develop the negative and then take down and repack all of the gear. We may not be carrying window-sized glass plates, but you and I also hesitate before taking a picture. We’re always doing a mental calculation "is it worth it?" Subconsciously we’re running down a checklist of costs, times, effort, and so on. During that "decisive moment," the image is often lost or we fail to try new things. We lose the opportunity for creative growth and choose to stay with the familiar that has delivered for us in the past. Surprisingly, Jackson had one big advantage we’ve lost over the last century. If an image didn’t turn out, or if he was out of glass plates, he could just scrape the emulsion off a previously exposed negative, recoat the plate, and try again. Digital photography not only eliminates that nagging "is it worth it?" question, it also returns us to that era of endlessly reusable film (and we don’t need a mule to carry it). Hand the camera to the kids, take weird and unusual angles, shoot without looking through the viewfinder, and ignore all previously held conceptions about how to take photographs. You may be surprised at the photos you get if you exploit this new era of uninhibited shooting.

Digital cameras are only a few years old, and we are only at the dawn of this new era. Where it will lead no one really knows, but it’s exciting to play a part in this dramatically changing world. As you begin to explore the field, you will be awash in technical jargon. Most of it can be safely ignored. To show how some things never change, here is what Jacob Deschin, the photographic editor of the New York Times, wrote in 1952 about the earlier era when the Leica revolutionized photography:

"When 35mm was in full flower in this country–in the miniature’s golden Thirties–photographers in the new medium became "experts" overnight, full of tall talk about small grain and big enlargements. They had to, in self defence, for in those early days of the miniature it seemed important to be technically hep, at least in conversation. Never mind the pictures! In spite of much hokum, much good came to the surface, survived the babel and exerted an influence that has since benefitted all photography."

Chapter 1 Digital Cameras & Images

    In the Beginning
    What is a Digital Photograph?
    Digital Photography—The Past and the Future
    Why Go Digital?
    Types of Digital Cameras
    Jump Start—Taking Photos with Full Auto Mode
    Camera Controls
    Composing Images
    Capturing Images
    Continuous Photography
    Playback Mode
    When Things Go Wrong
    Image Sensors—Introduction
    Image Sensors—Types
    Image Sensors—Image Size
    Image Sensors—Sizes and Aspect Ratios
    Image Sensors—Sensitivity and Noise
    Image Sensors—It’s All Black and White After All
    Image Sensors—Cleaning

Chapter 2 Digital Workflow

    Digital Workflow
    Image Formats
    In-Camera Image Storage Devices
    How Photos Are Stored in your Camera and Computer
    Transferring Images
    Storing Images—On Your System
    Storing Images—On the Road
    Organizing Your Photo Files
    Image Managers
    Evaluating Your Images—Basics
    Evaluating Your Images—Histograms
    Photo-editing—Global Editing
    Photo-editing—Local Editing
    Color Management–Color Models and Color Spaces
    Color Management—The Workflow

Chapter 3 Controlling Exposure

    The Importance of Exposure
    How Exposure Affects Your Images
    Exposure Controls—The Shutter and Aperture
    Exposure Controls—Why So Many Choices?
    Exposure Modes
    Using Scene Specific Exposure Modes
    The Shutter Controls Light and Motion
    The Aperture Controls Light and Depth of Field
    Using Shutter Speed and Aperture Together
    How Your Exposure System Works
    When Automatic Exposure Works Well
    When to Override Automatic Exposure
    How Overriding Autoexposure Works
    How to Override Automatic Exposure

Chapter 4 Controlling Sharpness

    Eliminating Blur From Camera Movement
    Image Stabilization
    Increasing Sensitivity (ISO)
    Sharpness Isn’t Everything
    How to Photograph Motion Sharply
    Focusing—The Plane of Critical Focus
    Focusing—Focus Areas
    Focus—Techniques
    Depth of Field
    Circles of Confusion
    Controlling Depth of Field
    Using Maximum Depth of Field
    Using Shallow Depth of Field
    Conveying the Feeling of Motion

Chapter 5 Capturing Light & Color

    Where Does Color Come From?
    White Balance
    Color Balance and Time of Day
    Sunsets and Sunrises
    Weather
    Photographing at Night
    The Direction of Light
    The Quality of Light

Chapter 6 Understanding Lenses

    Introduction to Lenses
    Understanding Focal Lengths
    Zoom Lenses
    Normal Focal Lengths
    Short Focal Lengths
    Long Focal Lengths
    Portraits and Focal Length
    Macro Mode and Macro Lenses
    Perspective in a Photograph
    Lens Accessories

Chapter 7 On-camera Flash Photography

    Flash Power and Range
    Flash Sync and Shutter Speeds
    Autoflash
    Redeye Reduction
    Using Fill Flash
    Flash Off
    Using Slow Sync Flash
    Controlling Flash Exposures
    Using External Flash
    External Flash Accessories

Chapter 8 Studio Photography

    Using Continuous Lights
    Using Strobes
    Connecting the Camera and Studio Lights
    Understanding Hard and Soft Light
    Using Fill Cards and Reflectors
    Using Diffusers
    Other Lighting Controls
    Putting it All Together—Exposure and White Balance
    Choosing a Background
    Positioning the Camera
    Portrait and Product Photography—Introduction
    The Main Light
    The Fill Light
    The Background Light
    The Rim Light
    Thinking About Your Photograph

Chapter 9 Displaying & Sharing Photos On-screen

    Sending Photos to Others—E-mail
    Sending Photos to Others—Instant Messenger
    Sending Photos to Others—Peer-to-peer Photo Sharing
    Slide Shows—On the TV
    Slide Shows—On the Computer Screen
    Slide Shows—Editing & Polishing
    File Formats—The Final Payoff
    Slide Shows—Digital Projectors
    Slide Shows—Digital Picture Frames
    Publishing Your Photos—eBooks
    Publishing Your Photos—Photo Sharing Sites
    Publishing Your Photos—Your Own Web Site
    Publishing Your Photos—Photo Blogs
    Publishing Your Photos—RSS
    Entertaining Yourself—Wallpaper or Desktop Background Managers
    Entertaining Yourself—Screen Savers
    Mapping Your Photos

Chapter 10 Displaying & Sharing Printed Photos

    How Color Photographs are Printed
    Making Prints—On-line
    Making Prints—for Profit
    Making Prints—Locally
    Making Prints—Do-it-yourself
    Inkjets—Printing Paper
    Inkjets—Inks
    Inkjets—Archival Issues
    Mating & Mounting Prints
    Framing, Hanging & Storing Prints
    Photo Books—Do It Yourself
    Photo Books—Having Them Done
    Scrapbooks
    Photos on Fabrics
    Photos on Smooth Surfaces
    Photo Gifts and Novelties
    Laser-Etching and Fired Ceramics

Chapter 11 Beyond the Still Image

    Panoramic Photography
    Stereo Photography
    Animations
    Shooting Movies
    Panning & Zooming Still Photographs
    Morphing
    Lenticular Photography—Prints that Move
    Flipbooks—Handheld Animations
    Photographing in Black & White and Infrared
    Night Vision
    Pin Hole Photography

Download Link Textbook of Digital Photography(111 Pages PDF Files, 4.5 Mb)


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