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This paper will examine the importance of physical fitness in the realm of law enforcement. It will look at the problems associated with unhealthiness and in particular how this affects the job performance of police officers. It will consider what different states and agencies, such as the FBI, require for their officers. Finally, it will make recommendations for implementing a continuing fitness program for officers during their career. The primary purpose was to present ideas on how to implement a program that would continuously require officers to maintain their health and fitness. This purpose was accomplished primarily by Internet research. Various standards of different states and agencies were compared.

This report describes the first stage of a study of the effects of the implementation of crisis resolution teams in England following the policy initiatives first set out in the National Service Framework for mental illness(Department of Health 1998). The work was based entirely on routinely collected data from Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health KP90 returns (describing the use of the Mental Health Act) and the annual mapping of English mental health services by the Centre for Public Mental Health at the University of Durham (Glover and Barnes, 2002, 2003, 2005). Key goals for the policy were the reduction of the numbers and length of admissions to mental hospitals and of the use of compulsion. In the work described here, we aim was to establish whether the implementation of crisis resolution teams had been associated with measurable changes of these kinds.

This paper analyzes the effect of economic conditions early in life on the individual mortality rate later in life, using business cycle conditions early in life as an exogenous indicator. We have individual data records from Dutch registers of birth, marriage, and death certificates, covering an observation window of unprecedented size (1812-2000). These are merged with historical data on macro-economic and health indicators. We correct for secular changes over time and other mortality determinants. We non-parametrically compare those born in a recession to those born in the preceding boom, and we estimate duration models where the individual’s mortality rate depends on current conditions, conditions early in life, age, individual characteristics, including individual socio-economic indicators, and interaction terms. The results indicate a significant negative effect of economic conditions early in life on individual mortality rates at all ages.

This paper examines how domestic violence may be used as an instrument to extract larger transfers from a spouse's family. It is based on a case-study of three villages in Southern India, conducted by the authors, that combines qualitative and survey data. Based on the ethnographic evidence, we develop a non-cooperative bargaining and signaling model of dowries and domestic violence. The predictions from these models are tested with survey data.